Bollettino SPI Vol. 29 - Issues 1, 2, 3
Issue 1
Published in January 1990
- Sarti C. & Venturi F. (1990)
Hybonoticeras (Hybopeltoceras) in the Upper Jurassic sequences of the Central Apennines (Italy)
pp. 3-10
It’s the first time that specimens of Hybopeltoceras are described outside Spain. The specimens are well preserved, that allow to add new data to the original Oloriz diagnosis. The new species Hybonoticeras (Hybopeltoceras) paviai, discovered in the «Micriti a Cefalopodi» formation is then described. The stratigraphical extension of H. paviai is limited to the lower Tithonian, Hybonotum-Albertinum Zone.
- Gnoli M., Kříž J., Leone F., Olivieri R., Serpagli E. & Storch P. (1990)
Lithostratigraphic units and biostratigraphy of the Silurian and early Devonian of Southwest Sardinia
pp. 11-23
Formal lithostratigraphic units for the Silurian-early Devonian interval of Southwest Sardinia are proposed. A biostratigraphic study of the three formations has allowed to recognize for the first time six graptolite zones (acuminatus, vesiculosus, cyphus (?), triangulatus, convolutus and turriculatus) as well as thirteen conodont zones from the amorphognathoides to serotinus. Four highly tectonized shale-horizons corresponding to the unrecovered conodont zones patula, snaidri/latialata + crispa, pesavis + sulcatus, gronbergi occur in the sequence.
- Sirna G. (1990)
A new senonian species of Hippuritid in the Matese and Maiella Mts. (Central Italy)
pp. 25-28
Hippurites accordii n.sp., a new species of the genus Hippurites is described. This species dedicated to prof B. Accordi, eminent geologist recently disappeared, comes from Santonian-Campanian limestones of the Matese Mt. and Maiella Mt. areas (Central Apennine, Italy).
- Bernasconi M.P. (1990)
Remarks about some Pliocene Turritellids
pp. 29-37
The relationships between Turritella aspera Sismonda in Mayer, Turbo tricarinatus Brocchi, Turbo vermicularis Brocchi, Turbo tornatus Brocchi are discussed on the basis of the respective apical whorls and sculpture. Their assignment to the genera Turritella Lamarck, 1799 and Haustator Montfort, 1810 is restated, mainly grounded on the protoconch features.
- Dalla Vecchia F.M. & Muscio G. (1990)
Occurrence of Thylacocephala (Arthropoda, Crustacea) from the Upper Triassic of Carnic Prealps (N.E. Italy)
pp. 39-42
13 specimens referable to the class Thylacocephala, coming from the Upper Triassic sediments of the Tagliamento Valley (Carnic Prealps, Italy), are here described.
- Dieni I. (1990)
Brunonia annulata (Yokoyama, 1890) (Carinariidae, Mesogastropoda) in the Lower Cretaceous of Sardinia
pp. 43-51
The presence of Brunonia annulata (Yokoyama) in the Valanginian-Hauterivian of Eastern Sardinia is recorded. Previously interpreted as belonging to the Archaeogastropoda, Mesogastropoda, or Pulmonata, or as the pneumatophore of a chondrophorine hydrozoan, the species can best be interpreted as a carinariid mesogastropod. The wide geographical distribution of B. annulata, occurring during the Valanginian-Albian interval from France SE to Japan via northern Africa and southern Europe, indicates, from a palaeobiogeographic point of view, the typical Tethyan character of this taxon.
- Wernli R. & Gorin G. (1990)
Leodicites chalamensis n. sp., a new Liassic species of dispersed scolecodont from the Jura Mountains (Ain, France)
pp. 53-58
A new scolecodont species, Leodicites chalamensis n.sp., found in Late Aalenian marls from the Jura Mountains is described using SEM observations. This 820 µ long jaw is of MII dextral position. It differs from other known species by the general outline of its very long myocoele and by its pointing-up ramus. This discovery adds a new record to the very sparse knowledge of Jurassic scolecodonts.
- Olivieri R. & Serpagli E. (1990)
Latest Silurian – early Devonian conodonts from the Mason Porcus Section near Fluminimaggiore, Southwestern Sardinia
pp. 59-76
Several conodont species, some reported for the first time in Europe and in Sardinia, are described and illustrated from the Uppermost Silurian-Lower Devonian beds of Southwestern Sardinia. Two species (Pedavis palmatus and Sannemannia ichnusae), having potential biostratigraphic interest, are described as new.
- Tongiorgi M. & Ribecai C. (1990)
Late Cambrian and Tremadocian Phytoplankton (Acritarchs) communities from Öland (Sweden)
pp. 77-88
The hiatus observed at the Cambrian-Ordovician boundary, in a section near Degerhamn (southern Öland), corresponds to Erdtmann’s ARE plus PRE regressive eustatic events. Below the hiatus, the Upper Cambrian beds (Peltura scarabaeoides trilobite Zone) yielded a rich microflora (DGH1), whose younger part (DGH1b) is distinguished by the increasing appearance of local microfloristic elements (named «Ladoga microflora») which may represent the unsuccessful attempt of repopulating the platform at the beginning of the Late Cambrian crisis. Above the hiatus, the lower Tremadocian beds (A. tenellus – A. hunnebergensis graptolite Subzone) contains a poor acritarch assemblage (DGH2) which impressively shows the drastic diversity reduction related with both the ARE and PRE eustatic lows. The rich middle Tremadocian (probable C. heres graptolite Zone) microflora yielded by the Furuhäll section (northern Öland) is quite different and testifies the complete renewal of the phytoplankton communities which follows the post-PRE transgression.
- Ficcarelli G., Magnatti M. & Mazza P. (1990)
Occurrence of Microtus (Allophaiomys) gr. pliocaenicus in the Pleistocene lacustrine Basin of Colfiorito (Umbria-Marchean Apennine, Central Italy)
pp. 89-90
The sediments of the site of Collecurti, Colfiorito basin (Umbria-Marchean Apennine, Central Italy) have provided few fragmentary remains ascribable to Microtus (Allophaiomys) gr. pliocaenicus, a very significant finding that has thrown new light in the knowledge of this fossil assemblage that announces to become an important reference fauna of the very end of the Early Pleistocene.
- Bonfiglio L. & Riccobono F. (1990)
Upper Pleistocene deposits with Hippopotamus sp. in the area of S. Teodoro cave, near Acquedolci (Messina, Sicily). A project of a Palaeontological Museum «in situ»
pp. 109-115
Excavations carried out from 1982 to 1987 in the Upper Pleistocene deposits of the talus of the S. Teodoro cave revealed the existence of an old basin rich of fossil Hippopotami remains, which contains also some remains of other Mammals (Elephas sp., Cervus sp., Ursus sp., Canis sp.) and of Testudo sp. The structure of the deposit and the abundance of fossil remains suggest to preserve most of materials «in situ» constituting thus a field Palaeontological Museum. The project has been accepted by the competent Authorities (Soprintendenza and Assessorato dei Beni Culturali e Ambientali della Regione Sicilia) that supported excavations funds since 1985. With this project the Soprintendenze act for the first time in Italy to give the proper sense and to make enjoyable a palaeontological deposit.
Issue 2
Published in June 1990
- Sala B., Ungaro S. & Vincenzi L. (1990)
Tapirus arvernensis Croizet & Jobert from Early Villafranchian of Vignola (Modena, N. Italy)
pp. 129-136
A mandible of Tapirus arvernensis is been found, near Vignola (Modena, North Italy), in marine sediments eroded by the Panaro river. The specimen has well preserved both the two mandibular branches, the incisors and the right dental set (third lower molar excepted). The lack of enamel is a peculiar character ascribed to taphonomy. The mandible is assigned to Early Villafranchian forms for its dimensions. The micropaleontological contents date the marine sediments to the Middle Pliocene.
- Pasini M. (1990)
Two early Reichelina-like Fusulinids (Foraminifers) in the Permo-Carboniferous of the Carnic Alps (Southeastern Alps)
pp. 137-143
Some specimens belonging to the Early Permian (Sakmarian-Artinskian) Reichelina-like genus Pseudoreichelina Leven 1970 are found in the Permo-Carboniferous sequence of the Carnic Alps (Northeastern Southern Alps).
We have found P. aff slovenica Kochansky-Devidé in the Prof R. Selli’s Collection, in the section of the samples no. 313 and 313a from Lanza, a locality next to Mt. Trogkofel, the type-locality of the Trogkofel Fm. of the Alpine Early Permian (figs. 1-2). The specimen of Pl. 1, fig. 1, seems to show a spirotheca composed of tectum, diaphanotheca and inner tectorium in the juvenarium, and of a tectum and a porous protheca in the outer whorl. It raises the question of the belongings of the genus to the Ozawainellinae or to the Staffellinae.
Other individuals, Pseudoreichelina sp. 1 (Pl. 1, figs. 6-7), come from the top of the Auernig Fm. (fig. 2) in the type-locality (Mt. Auernig). In addiction to P. sp. 1 we have found the following Fusulinids: Pseudoendothyra sp., Staffella moellerana Thompson, Schubertella kingi Dunbar & Skinner, Ozawainella sp., Boultonia europaea Kochansky-Devidé, Boultonia sp. l; Pseudofusulina multiseptata (Schellwien), Daixina alpina communis (Schellwien),? Daixina sp. ex gr. sokensis (Rauser), Dutkevitchia cf. dastarensis Bensh, Quasifusulina compacta Lee, Q. karawanensis Miklucho-Maklay, Q. aff. pseudoelongata Miklucho-Maklay, Q. tenuissima (Schellwien) and Triticites cf. duplex Grozdilova & Lebedeva.
The samples seem datable lo a very late Carboniferous. It is the first time that the genus Pseudoreichelina is found before the Sakmarian and before the Carboniferous-Permian boundary.
- Barattolo F. & Carras N. (1990)
Pseudoclypeina distomensis n. sp. (Green Algae, Dasycladales) from the Malm of Greece
pp. 145-162
In the present paper a new dasycladacean green alga from the Late Jurassic of Greece (Boeotia) is established. The description, the most significant biometrical values of the thallus and the stratigraphical range are supplied. A palaeontological reconstruction of the alga is also given. Pseudoclypeina distomensis n. sp. differs from the closest species P. cirici Radoicic mainly for a significantly higher number of secondaries for each primary branch (6-8 instead of 3); moreover for the relatively lower values of both the calcareous skeleton (D= 4-10 mm instead of 8-9 mm) and number of primaries in a whorl (23-40 instead of 36-40).
- Hammann W., Laske R. & Pillola A. (1990)
Tariccoia arrusensis n. g. n. sp., an unusual trilobite-like arthropod. Rediscovery of the «phyllocarid» beds of Taricco (1922) in the Ordovician «Puddinga» sequence of Sardinia
pp. 163-178
From the conglomeratic «Puddinga» sequence of SW Sardinia, which was deposited somewhere during the Middle to early Upper Ordovician, a new trilobite-like arthropod Tariccoia arrusensis n. g. n. sp. is described. Remains of it were determined by Taricco (1922) as phyllocarids. On this basis a Lower Ordovician age was supposed for the «Puddinga» sequence. Tariccoia has a non-mineralized, presumably chitinous dorsal exoskeleton without eyes and longitudinal furrows and without articulation structures on the four segments of the trunc. The systematic attribution to one of the known arthropod classes remains uncertain as appendages are not known. Tariccoia is morphologically related to the Polish Lower Cambrian genus Liwia Dzik & Lendzion 1988, which in turn is considered to be related to the Nectaspida (? Trilobita). The «Tariccoia beds», which consist at the type locality of up to 35 m thick grey siltstones and shales, were presumably deposited in a marginal marine stillwater environment. They form an intercalation in the «Puddinga» sequence, which is interpreted as having been deposited in an alluvial fan to coastal flood plain environment. The grey «Tariccoia beds» can be traced as a marker horizon throughout the whole Iglesiente region.
- De Castro P. (1990)
Actual knowledges on Thaumatoporellas and an approach to their interpretation
pp. 179-206
Thaumatoporellas are variously shaped, mainly Mesozoic carbonate platform microfossils, characterized by very numerous alveoli inside and perpendicular to a micritic layer, provided by some funnel-shaped openings, that fully encloses a cavity.
Founding in the Upper Cretaceous of Thaumatoporellas with fairly long and dicotomously branched alveoli have allowed me to hypothesize they are hollow algal colonies. In this paper some already expressed ideas (De Castro, 1988) are developed. The alveoli are interpreted as the spaces occupied by single cells or by short cell-successions. The micritic dark material between the alveoli is considered as calcified mucilage secreted by the cells; that is each cell or short cell-seccession have its own mucilagineous envelope (the sheath) and all these entirely confluent sheaths constitutes the sheath layer of the colony. The sheaths grew towards the exterior while the older inner parts disintegrated. The smaller Thaumatoporellas, in various stages, often present inside the larger ones, are interpreted as daughter-colonies (autocolonies).
In present-day nature, Thaumatoporella-like growth-forms (sheath layer enclosing a colonial cavity) are shown by some volvocaceans (planktonic green algae) and by some benthic aegagropilous algae very different in systematic position; these latters mainly belong to some rivulariacean cyanophyta [Rivularia mesenterica Thuret, R. polyotis (Agardh), Gloeotrichia salina Rabenhorst, etc.] and to some cladophoracean green algae [p. es. Cladophora (Aegagropila) sauteri (Nees), C. holsatica Kützing, etc.].
As regards the dichotomously ramified sheaths, Thaumatoporellas are closely like to the cyanophyta and in lesser way to the cladophoraceans; the resemblances also interest the gregarious habitous of the colonies and the environment that is of shallow-water and mainly marine intertidal to subtidal. As regards the reproduction, Thaumatoporellas look like some living volvocaceans in daughter-colonies formation inside tha parental colony. Nevertheless Thaumatoporellas differ from the living taxa, with which they have been compared, in reproduction and/or in the occurrence of sheath-layer openings and/or in sheath ramifications. Therefore, on the basis of the greater systematic importance of the reproductive features as regards the morphological ones, Thaumatoporellas have been tentatively referred (De Castro, 1988) to a new family (Thaumatoporellaceae) and a new order (Thaumatoporellales) of green algae.
The stratigraphic and geographic distributions of Thaumatoporellas are outlined.
All studied specimens are in rock thin sections, excepted those examined with the SEM (pls. 6-7).
- Barattolo F. (1990)
Remarks on Neomeris cretacea Steinmann (Chlorophyta, Dasycladales) from the Cretaceous of Orizaba (type-locality), Mexico
pp. 207-218
Neomeris cretacea Steinmann, a dasycladacean green alga from the Cretaceous (Albian) of Orizaba, Mexico (type-locality), is redescribed. Main characters of the thallus, variability of most significant biometrical parameters and paleoecology are given. A paleontological reconstruction is also supplied.
- Gatto R. (1990)
The genus Asthenotoma Harris & Burrows, 1891, and its type-species Pleurotoma meneghinii Mayer, 1868 (Gastropoda: Turridae)
pp. 219-232
The variously interpreted turrid genus Asthenotoma Harris & Burrows, 1891 is discussed and reconsidered, mainly on the ground of its type-species Pleurotoma meneghinii Mayer, 1868 of which the neotype is designated. Pleurotoma meneghinii Mayer, previously synonymised with Pleurotoma tuberculata Pusch, 1837, is regarded as a distinct species and its paucispiral protoconch is described for the first time. Moreover Pleurotoma heckeli Homes, 1854 is rejected as junior synonym of Pleurotoma tuberculata Pusch, 1837. The systematic position of some species commonly ascribed to Asthenotoma is discussed. Among these Pleurotoma basteroti Desmoulins, 1842, sometimes incorrectly considered as typespecies of Asthenotoma, is transferred to Tomopleura Casey, 1904. The stratigraphic and geographic distribution of the genus is also revised.
- Giovagnoli M.C. & Schiavinotto F. (1990)
Nephrolepidina tournoueri (Lemoine & R. Douvillé) from the Lower Miocene of Ales (Sardinia)
pp. 233-244
A Nephrolepidina population, sampled in a level of the Lower Miocene sequence of Ales (Sardinia), was biometrically studied. The morphometric characters of the embryonic-nepionic chambers and the neanic chambers arrangement were analyzed in equatorial thin sections of megalosphaeric specimens. The parameters with a more significant taxonomic, evolutionary and biostratigraphic meaning allow a specific attribution to N. tournoueri (Lemoine & R. Douville). It was confirmed the Burdigalian age of the level as deduced on the basis of the planktonic foraminifera content (Globigerinoides altiapertura–Catapsidrax dissimilis Subzone) associated with Miogypsina (M.) intermedia Drooger. However, the evolutionary degree of the sardinian population appear too low, if compared with other Mediterranean Nephrolepidina populations which were referred to the same age. So, nephrolepidinids and miogypsinids do not show a parallel evolutionary development in Sardinia. Consequently, the ranges and the mean values of the standard morphometric parameters of Nephrolepidina appear no suitable for a more detailed biostratigraphy. Further researches are necessary to explain if these data point out a local trend, or an evolutionary stagnation comparable with that one already detected in N. morgani (Lemoine & R. Douvillé).
- Ficcarelli G. & Mazza P. (1990)
New fossil findings from the Colfiorito basin (Umbria-Marchean Apennine)
pp. 245-247
A second digging campaign accomplished in the area of Colfiorito, southern Marche, allowed the recovery of a great amount of fossil remains that furtherly enriched the record of this important paleontological site. New forms were added to the list of taxons found during the first campaign, namely a cervid, Dama nestii, and a canid, likely attributable to Canis arnensis. The new findings yielded further information from a stratigraphical viewpoint and the fossil community shows the first evidence of the faunal modification that led to the turnover characteristic of the Middle Pleistocene.
- Bizzarini F., Novelli G. & Zanotti A. (1990)
DNA tracks in a messinian Myctophidae from Mondaino, Forlì
pp. 249-250
The Authors inform about the DNA tracks finding in a fossil fish of the messinian tripoli, upper Miocene, outcropping in Mondaino (Forlì).
Issue 3
Published in November 1990
- Barbieri R. (1990)
The middle and late Eocene of the Tripolitania Basin, northwestern Libya: biostratigraphy and paleoecology
pp. 253-271
Planktonic and benthonic foraminiferal assemblages of the middle and Late Eocene, siliciclastic facies from the Tripolitania Basin (northwestern Libyan offshore) provide a complete biostratigraphic framework, detailing the paleoecologic evolution in four boreholes drilled during the hydrocarbon exploration of the western Libyan shelf.
Planktonic foraminiferal vertical distribution enables the identification of all the middle and late Eocene zones. The width of the main hiatus straddling the Eocene/Oligocene boundary includes Blow’s Zones P16, P17 (late Eocene) and P18, P19 (Oligocene). An ostracod genus, which is thought to be a typical shallow water taxon, provides an excellent biostratigraphic instrument in the inner part of the basin, where the succession is almost wholly typified by facies related benthonic foraminifera.
The basin evolution from middle to late Eocene indicates a generalized regressive trend. The outer shelf facies are gradually substituted by middle and inner shelf facies, which in some areas could even become coastal lagoons.
A comparison between the evolution of the outer basin sequence and the global eustatic curve indicates good correlations.
- Bonaduce G. & Russo A. (1990)
Patrizia, a new marine ostracode genus (Ostracoda: Podocopa) from the Gulf of Aden (Somalia) and Patriziainae new subfamily
pp. 273-277
The new genus Patrizia (type-species Patrizia mascellaroi n.sp.), is described and illustrated. The taxonomic position of the new genus appears uncertain at the family and subfamily level. From present knowledge the new genus is doubtfully attributed to the Trachyleberididae Sylvester-Bradley 1948, and erection of the new subfamily Patriziainae is proposed.
- Bonaduce G., Russo A. & Barra D. (1990)
The ostracode genus Sylvestra Doruk 1973: systematics, ecology and distribution
pp. 279-288
The marine genus Sylvestra Doruk 1973 is represented by Sylvestra posterobursa Doruk (type-species), S. seminis (Bonaduce, Masoli & Pugliese, 1976), S. bismuthi n.sp., S. delicatula n.sp., S. gravida n.sp., S. intermedia n.sp., S. moncharmonti n.sp., S. patriziae n.sp., S. ruggierii n.sp., S. tramontanoi n.sp. and S. virgula n.sp. All the new species are described and illustrated. From its distribution in the Recent, Sylvestra can be defined as a shallow warm-water marker. Its occurrence in sediments from Tortonian to Holocene allows some paleoclimatic conclusions. The validity of the genus is discussed and confirmed.
- Gnoli M. (1990)
New evidence for faunal links between Sardinia and Bohemia in Silurian time on the basis of nautiloids
pp. 289-307
Additional Bohemian nautiloid taxa from the Silurian of SW Sardinia are reported and described to complete the 1977 record by Serpagli & Gnoli. These finding stress again the faunistical similarities between the two areas.
- Tintori A. & Renesto S. (1990)
A new Lariosaurus from the Kalkschieferzone (Uppermost Ladinian) of Valceresio (Varese, N. Italy)
pp. 309-319
Lariosaurus valceresii sp.n. is described on the basis of a well preseroed specimen from the Kalkschieferzone of the locality of Ca’ del Frate (Viggiù, VA). The specimen, about 1 m long, is dorso-ventrally flattened. The main character of this new species is the very high anterior/posterior limb length ratio, which differentiates it from the well known L. balsami Curioni. Being uppermost Ladinian, L. valceresii is the youngest species of the genus. On the basis of vertebrate and invertebrate fauna, an alternance of marine and brackish environments is hypothesized, the former of which yields fish and reptiles, the latter mainly conchostracans.
- Valleri G., Bertoldi R. & Bertini A. (1990)
Foraminifer and Pollen assemblages from Pliocene of Ponte a Elsa (Valdarno Inferiore, Tuscany)
pp. 321-333
Analyses on foraminifer and pollen assemblages of a sequence of Pliocene alternating silty clays and sands has been carried out. The series, about 30 m thick, is exposed in a desert bricks-quarry located in the area of Ponte a Elsa (Valdarno Inferiore, Tuscany). The studies on the microfaunas have not defined an exact biostratigraphic interval, but the environmental evolution has been reconstructed considering the variations of the assemblages and the pollen sequence. Transitional and continental conditions are recognizable in the lower part of the sequence and turn neritic in the upper part. On the other hand the pollen data allow us to recognize a temperate-warm climate with at least one xeric episode. Moreover the series has been reasonably referred to a very early Villafranchian, not later the climatic cooling at approximately 3.2-3 M.Y., also because of the occurrence of some molluscs.
- Capasso Barbato L., Minieri M.R., Petronio C. & Vigna Taglianti A. (1990)
Dental structures of Ursus arctos and Ursus spelaeus from Monte Cucco cave (Sigillo, Perugia, ltaly)
pp. 335-356
In this work the morphological and morphometrical dental structures of ursids from Monte Cucco cave (Sigillo, Perugia) are examined. These structures are compared with italian recent bears (Ursus arctos marsicanus Altobello and Ursus arctos alpinus Fischer) ones and with structures of middle late Pleistocene ursids.
Some Authors have suggested a descent of U. a. marsicanus from U. spelaeus Rosenmüller; in the present work the morphological and biometrical study on dental structures excludes this hypothesis.
So known the only bear in ltaly during the lower part of the middle Pleistocene was Ursus deningeri von Reichenau. This species derived from European middle-upper Villafranchian Ursus etruscus Cuvier. Ursus arctos Linnaeus migrated into Italy from Eurasia during the middle Pleistocene. Several authors consider U. arctos as derived from Asiatic U. etruscus forms. The first recorded occurrence of U. arctos is from Fontana Ranuccio (Southern Latium) (stadium 11 of standard isotopic curve). U. deningeri evolved in Ursus spelaeus in an undefined period. First occurrence in ltaly of U. spelaeus is from Cava Rinaldi (Rome) (stadium 9 of standard isotopic curve). This species became very common in Europe during the late Pleistocene; this is indeed testified by a progressive enlargement of the occlusal surface and by a progressive complication of dental structures. U. spelaeus disappeared at the end of Wiirm III. Except for Fontana Ranuccio, U. arctos remains are very rare in italian middle-late and late Pleistocene deposits and brown bear fossils are often confused with U. spelaeus; these two forms are rarely found associated. As it was before written, both bears are present at Monte Cucco Cave (Sigillo, Perugia), but U. arctos is more common.
P4 morphology in U. a. marsicanus is very different from the one of U. spelaeus and very similar to modem and Pleistocenic U. arctos. P4 protoconid of U. arctos and of U. a. marsicanus is higher and thinner; accessorial cusplets are almost always lack. These morphological differences are confirmed above all in the scattergram of breadth versus length for P4. A similar difference is observed also in the morphological features of M2: this molar is larger in U. spelaeus, has many accessoriai cusplets, a very well-developed and long cingulum and, finally, a more rounded posterior profile with the hypocone and metacone area more developed than the paracone one. Differences in absolute values and ratios are present in the scattergram of breadth versus length for M2.
Differences between U. spelaeus and italian «arctoid» forms concerning dental structures are also supported by a biometrical study of complete dentature.
U. arctos marsicanus is an «arctoid» form, smaller than the alpine brown bear, which possesses premolar and molar size closer to Pleistocenic U. arctos.
- Rook L. & Masini F. (1990)
Prolagus from the Upper Valdarno (faunal associations of the Olivola and Tasso Units, late Villafranchian)
pp. 357-360
Prolagus remains from the Upper Valdarno (Olivola and Tasso Faunal Units, Late Villafranchian) are described. This genus had not been previously mentioned in the faunal lists of the Upper Valdarno.
- Flügel E., Senowbari-Daryan B. & Di Stefano P. (1990)
Lercaritubus problematicus n. gen., n. sp., a lower Permian reef organism from Western Sicily
pp. 361-366
A new problematic organism, Lercaritubus problematicus n. gen., n. sp. is described from lower Permian reef limestone boulders
included within the silico-clastic deposits of the Lercara «Formation», outcropping in the Roccapalumba-Lercara area, Western Sicily. The
systematic position of Lercaritubus is discussed. Comparisons are possible with Cribricyathea Vologdin (Anellides?), Bryozoans, «Bankia» (Dasycladacean
alga) and «Problematicum A» Flugel et al. (1984).